Atrial fibrillation, often called AFib, is a common heart rhythm disorder that causes the heart to beat irregularly and sometimes too fast.
While it may seem harmless at first, AFib can significantly increase the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other heart-related complications.
Because it can develop silently, understanding and testing for AFib is an important part of maintaining cardiovascular health.
What Is Atrial Fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation occurs when the upper chambers of the heart, called the atria, beat irregularly and out of coordination with the lower chambers, known as the ventricles.
This irregular rhythm disrupts normal blood flow through the heart, allowing blood to pool in the atria and potentially form clots.
If a clot travels from the heart to the brain, it can cause a stroke. This is why people with AFib are five times more likely to have a stroke than those with a normal heart rhythm.
AFib episodes can last for minutes, hours, or be continuous, depending on the type:
- Paroxysmal AFib: Comes and goes on its own within a short period.
- Persistent AFib: Lasts longer than a week and may require treatment to restore normal rhythm.
- Permanent AFib: Ongoing and not easily converted to a normal rhythm.
What Causes Atrial Fibrillation?
AFib is often linked to conditions that strain or damage the heart’s electrical system. It can also occur without any identifiable cause, especially in older adults.
Major Risk Factors
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease, including coronary artery disease or heart failure
- Sleep apnea
- Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)
- Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
- Excessive alcohol or caffeine intake
- Chronic stress
- Family history of arrhythmia
- Age over 60
While some causes are unavoidable, many risk factors can be managed through lifestyle changes and regular heart health screenings.
Common Symptoms
Some people with AFib have no symptoms at all, while others may experience:
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Fluttering sensation in the chest
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue or weakness
- Lightheadedness or dizziness
- Chest discomfort
Even when symptoms are mild or absent, AFib still increases the risk of stroke, making screening crucial.
How to Get Tested for Atrial Fibrillation
Testing for AFib is simple and can often be done during a routine checkup. If AFib is suspected, your healthcare provider may recommend one or more of the following tests:
Common Screening Tests
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): The primary test for AFib. It records the heart’s electrical activity and detects irregular rhythms.
- Holter monitor: A portable device worn for 24–48 hours to record continuous heart activity.
- Event monitor: Similar to a Holter, but worn longer and used to capture intermittent episodes.
- Echocardiogram: An ultrasound of the heart that shows how well it pumps blood and identifies structural problems.
- Blood tests: Used to check for thyroid issues, electrolyte imbalances, or other contributing conditions.
Take the First Step Toward Heart Rhythm Health
Atrial fibrillation can be managed effectively when detected early.
Many people live full, active lives by treating underlying conditions, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and monitoring their heart rhythm regularly.
Schedule a heart rhythm screening near you today and take the first step toward protecting your heart and preventing stroke.